Leadership And Culture In South Africa Management Essay

Leadership And Culture In South Africa Management Essay The requirement level of leadership to contain cultural diversity has raised the continuing progress of globalization. As the facts that many contemporary leaders are confronting with, they are left no choice but to make every effort to combine all cultural components inside his or her team, it is the only way to make organizational behaviors work effectively nowadays. Especially in South Africa, national leadership based on cultural clusters is extremely important for any business growth and effective leadership. Cultural integration has made major impacts on a number of issues including perceived leadership style, satisfaction and trust between leaders and employees. History Africa is the only one continent which has completely witnessed the evolvement of human beings. Archaeologists have successfully found the most original and earliest fossil of completely evolved human being, which indicate the conclusion, as demonstrated in Evolving Theory by Darwin, that Africa is considered to be the original source of human beings birth. It has been shown by a number of archaeological documents that people in each tribe of Africa had created and developed phenomenal ancient civilization for the first time in human beings history. In ancient ages, while western colonists were still locked in by glaciers, the living situation on the continent of Africa had reached peak. At that age, the Nile River was nourishing surrounding areas and the Sahara was still covered by Greenland and forests. Especially the Egyptian civilization needs to be discussed. They were the first people who successfully calculated PI as 3.16. And their achievements in construction, sculpture and paintings were remarkable as well. Pyramid and Sphinx are still the most astounding construction miracles existing in modern world, which could be also taken as a monument for talented Egyptian people. Geographical Settings Geographically, the continent of Africa can be divided into five different areas, respectively as Eastern Africa, Western Africa, Northern Africa, Southern Africa and Middle Africa. Particular climate and special geographical setting has given Africa abundant treasures and resources, which are being traded to every corner of the world. Nowadays, South Africa is famous for the abundance of mineral resource, including oil, gold and some types of rare elements. Social Relationships The language context after colonial administration in South Africa has left behind many evidences in the situation of local governments, police system, and military institutions. Education When it comes to the topic of education in South Africa, a complicated relationship between Arabian and Education had been established. Hence, the major issue of South African education has been in the center of the process of Arabian transformation. Three of this transformation include, to promote the Arabic language by building up standards and modernizing them to meet the new requirement of independent South Africa, to gradually replace French with standardized Arabic in all formal areas of lives, and to conserve authenticity of South African unique culture and value system or belief, as well as to make sure political unity and socio cultural coherence. Language Language plays an important role in modern development of South Africa, both positively and negatively. In order to maintain and strengthen major national cohesion and identity a wide range of countries in Southern Africa, language is functioning as a significant sign of group identity, in relation to a communicative system existing from different population groups. This function always stimulates a natural sense of solidarity among communities to create feeling as belonging to some group, which is much larger than local or regional area. In the complicated language environment in Africa, highly complicated set of linguistic configurations, which are presented by many continents nations, reflects a major need for caring and precautious attention to national integration. According to the 2001 census, isiZulu is the mother tongue of 23.8% of South Africas population, followed by isiXhosa at 17.6%, Afrikaans at 13.3%, Sesotho sa Leboa at 9.4%, and Setswana and English each at 8.2%. Seso tho is the mother tongue of 7.9% of South Africans, while the remaining four official languages are spoken at home by less than 5% of the population each (2001 census). Summary of spoken language in South Africa SOUTH AFRICAN LANGUAGES 2001 Language Number of speakers* % of total Afrikaans 5 983 420 13.35% English 3 673 206 8.2% IsiNdebele 711 825 1.59% IsiXhosa 7 907 149 17.64% IsiZulu 10 677 315 23.82% Sesotho sa Leboa 4 208 974 9.39% Sesotho 3 555 192 7.93% Setswana 3 677 010 8.2% SiSwati 1 194 433 2.66% Tshivenda 1 021 761 2.28% Xitsonga 1 992 201 4.44% Other 217 291 0.48% TOTAL 44 819 777 100% Religion and other belief systems In the complicated language environment in South Africa, highly complicated set of linguistic configurations, which are presented by many continents nationalities, reflects a major need for caring and precautious attention to national integration. This is one single concept which has been recognized and adopted by majority of South African people as particularly special importance. At the latter half of 20th century, when the concept of independence had finally been achieved by across the whole African continent, the inheritance of largely imposed and arbitrary borders resulted in an immediate emergence of quite a few nations with mixed populations, people of which barely share anything in common, both in language and cultural concepts. According to the 2001 census the overwhelming majority of South Africans, or 79.8%, are Christian. The independent African Zion Christian churches predominate, being the faith of 15.3% of the total population, and 19.2% of all Christians.  · RELIGIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA Religion Number % of total Christianity 35 750 641 79.8% Islam 654 064 1.5% Hinduism 551 668 1.2% Judaism 75 549 0.2% Other beliefs 283 815 0.6% No religion 6 767 165 15% Undetermined 610 974 1.4% TOTAL 44 819 774 100% III. Cultural Dimensions: During the last forty years, people around the world have witnessed a continuous seeking for primary explanations for the astounding growth of Sub-Sahara Africa economies, the region which might be called SSA sometimes. As people summarized about the accelerating growth in Asian countries such as Malaysia and South Korea, Sub-Sahara Africa also demonstrated one pretty good picture of their economic blueprints. And the whole process of accelerating growth happened in the quite similar way with the one in Malaysia and the other in South Korea. Even though these two Asian countries have began to taste the fruits of economic miracles (Akyuz and Gore, 2001), the Situation of South Africa is usually described by some other terms such as disaster or tragedy (UNCTAD, 2004). The major reasons which resulted in this consequence include institutional and structural weakness existing in the economic model and business system of Sub-Sahara Africa. Especially there is barely attention given to pri vate enterprises development in this area. Meanwhile, some obvious issues also exist such as poor governance (Nwankwo and Richards, 2001), management ineptitude (Kamoche, 1997) and limited staff motivation. In generally, the explanation which has been universally acknowledged for South Africas poor economic performance is concerning the concept of Leadership Weakness. Some obvious phenomenon has drawn publics attention. The leaders in African society always lack effective decisions and adapt poorly according to the demands of increasingly complicated economic system (Ochola 2007). Thus, leadership development has attracted policy interest during the past three decades, being guided by the point of view that more African management practices will be needed as ones in western countries, in order to improve their leadership skills. This view has provided intellectual legitimacy for the permanently existing stream of donor funded management group training program and organizational development interventions delivered to African organizations by western consultants. As being outlined by most leadership theories in modern academic society, the other major stream of academy indicated the fact that in South Africa, culture provides a frame of reference or logic by which leadership behavior can be easily understood. For these scholars, culture symbolizes the shared values and standards which gather members of one society or organization together as a homogenous unity, which means people living in one specific cultural environment possess their conduct under the strict regulation through a collection of aspirations and universal orientations. Meanwhile, the social structures which develop through the processes of controlled behaviors are taken as to be orderly and permanently existing. Among the scholars who advocate this strong bonding relationship between leadership and cultural environments, Hofstede is the most remarkable one. Hofstedes cultural dimensions argue that an effective leadership style may be appropriate in cultures which are high in p ower distance, collectivism, masculinity and uncertain avoidance. Meanwhile, he also indicated that this autocratic leadership style might also be conducted being characterized by external environmental orientation. It is true that autocratic leadership might be more proper and well-functioned for societies in which members have a higher concept of hierarchy and are unwilling to bypass the chain of command. In the opposite direction, the relationship-centered or democratic leadership styles are much more efficiently practiced in cultures or societies where power distance is quite low, however, the individualism and femininity in these societies are relatively higher in this dimension. On the other hand, it is easy to find out the fact that this leadership style in cultures or societies where internal environmental orientation would be dominant and featured. Hence, theoretical arguments advanced in the two streams of research, cultural theories and leadership theories, have played an important role in affecting available studies on management in South Africa. However, the arguments have not been synthesized into a coherent framework which can be guiding empirical investigations in the field. A review of the current discourses on the connections between South African culture and leadership demonstrates that scholars are divided on the issue of how culture impacts leadership on the continent. There have been a large number of scholars who use culture to justify the uniqueness of South African Leadership styles, in the process of which culture serves as a unique descriptor, while others maintain African culture as an inhibitor of effective leadership practices. IV. Implications for Organizational behavior in the country cluster One key factor which people need to know, normally ignored from studies of leadership in South Africa is a consideration of the potential significance of cultural context in which leadership and management are being practiced. Recent studies have kept showing increasing awareness of this important factor. The discussion in this paper is dedicated in seeking to reinforce the importance of this line of research for aiming to gain better insights into leadership failures on the continent and to generate guidelines for effective leader development interventions. The macro cultures of South African societies as informing the goals, expectations, relationships and resource allocation decisions of African leaders. These factors reversely help them shape decisions and working patterns in the organizations. And their general contributions would be actually affected to some large scale. Employee motivation Employees are not those who deal with loyal commitment to the company and responsibilities. The leaders are performing this role. To a great extent, those employees are normally hired to provide help to the company. They dont offer feedbacks to the company and are not considered to be going through a systematic training in order to cope with other transformations going on inside the corporations. Thus, employers in South Africa need to provide some leverage for their workers, which can be seen as motivations to push employees moving forward to come up with effective results to help the team and the company. Decision-making processes (both individual group) Leadership decision making processes in South Africa are generally established with some routine international theories of decision making, which are also widely accepted concepts and solutions to other western and Asian countries. Consultations would be another major way for these leaders to develop a final decision. Every team member will be invited into the whole procedure of decision making and forced to provide personal opinions. Their opinions would be equally valued by the rest of team as the leaders decisions. No matter what the final decision would become, this procedure does a lot of benefits than the whole development of team since they provided employees with pride, dignity and motivation to devote them into the career more deeply. Group behaviors, including teams (teambuilding processes) Team building has already become an essential part for any group of workers in South Africa to grow more professionally. It is also the first step for them to bond with other people inside the team with some common interests or needs. In order to establish a more comfortable relationship and steady working environment, team leaders are forced by leadership necessities to undertake several times a month teambuilding activities. Whether these leaders can arrange such event and make sure their employees obtained a good bonding with other peers has become another major standard to measure the capability of leaders behaviors. Actually in South Africa, the multinational companies who just have local offices in this country will assign executive officers from their home country to take over the charge of teams, whose employees are selected from South Africa. Communication The major communication valid in South Africa is based on internet emails and phone calls. The first reason to explain this would be the increasingly more advanced technology worldwide and the whole world has been termed as a village where people from various countries with totally different cultural backgrounds can share information, values, and certain thoughts. And this can be relatively the most efficient way to deal with these communication demands. The reason why business trips are not as many as in other more developed countries is that travelling budget for these officers remains low in South Africa. In addition, South Africa is essentially a very tactile, and then cut it across ethnic boundaries. The back slapping, shaking hands is common for a firm, if it is foreign tourists, can be viewed as a sign of aloofness back away from this approach. For the communication style, many white South Africans, such as commitment to a diplomatic approach and speaking simply, you can confuse with subtlety and ambiguity, unreliable, or lack of it. On the other hand, emphasizes many of the black culture of communication diplomacy or other they openly admit to disappointment that the listener cannot know the answer to the question Power and politics Power and politics is left to higher level society in South Africa. Even though these employees would share thoughts and value systems with other people as soon as possible, their leaders have to deal with powerful partners in the country to make sure their political impacts would stay by their sides. Conflict and negotiation Between white group and black group, there is no difference in conflict and negotiation area, The success of negotiations, the two partners to understand when other people arrive at what you want to understand how the negotiations. Negotiations are thus part of the business culture in South Africa, but a businessman, you should avoid harsh tactics and actions.In South Africa, and business conflict will always be solved personally or at court. Any partnership in the business world of South Africa will be formed based on some sort of agreement where friendship exists, or some middle man stays between two partners as leverage. As this situation is quite common in this country, a large number of business sues would be directly solved personally when three parts of this corporation would all appear. The middle man offers a solution or suggestion, and these two involved partners would seriously discuss the solution based on their common interests. When an agreement to eliminate this confli ct is reached, none of hard feelings remain at all. However, there are still majority of cases which cannot be solved in this way. The court will be the other option. Normally when it comes to the court in South Africa, the involve amount of money would be extremely big enough to be left for personal negotiation. Organizational structure and processes Privatization is the most widely accepted way of organizing businesses in the South Africa because it allows contacts with international business. Businesses with foreign companies are organized through partnership and joint ventures. Foreigners are not allowed to own businesses in most South Africa without having a local citizen as a partner. Organizational Culture Organizational Culture, especially in the country of South Africa, involved a common value system generally held by every single member in a certain team. And this system existing uniquely in every business team varies from one to the other. Significantly affected by the cultural clusters among every single team in South Africa, organizational behaviors under this situation should be carefully undertaken. Not only employing those internationally wide accepted concepts of organizational behaviors but also delicately combining every factor which might make changes to the teams future with these common concepts bring about many obstacles or so called leadership challenges for team leaders in South Africa. Actually, this special requirement has become a major standard to measure the leading capability of leaders in this country. Acrroding the book developing people and organizations, Jackson describes South African organizations as highly hierarchical, centralized and rule bound. Management opposes clear rules, strong leadership, controls its employees and gives well-defined lines of authority. Government still has a very strong influence on business and imposes rules as well. Family has influence on the company especially with the rising importance of blacks and their tendency towards collectivism. Organizational Change South African leaders never stopped making every single effort to bring about positive results to their teams and companies. In order to accomplish this point, making changes inside their organization is a necessarily important step. As mentioned above, in several parts of South Africa, the organization structure, which used to be described as a model where overseas executives act as leaders and domestic employees make general contributions as workers, is undergoing a slight change. The reason resulting in this has something to do the intentional transformation of modern international organizational structure. After all, it would be more efficient for domestic leaders to bond with local employees in that there is a common value system and cultural background shared by them as a whole. The left issue to undertake this major change would be the primary qualification of these domestic leaders in South Africa. Thus, majority of multinational companies who have an office in this country w ould take some actions to offer systematic trainings to these selected leaders. During these trainings, these leaders will be given thoroughly of the companys culture and made to figure out a most effective way to put these thoughts and ideas into other employees minds by taking advantage of their cultural bonding with other members of the group. Implications for leading in country cluster What approach (es) or style(s) of leadership are most commonly used, and which are most/least effective? Euro-centric Approach Management of white group reflects the Euro-centric business, and personal characteristics of a dictatorial and hierarchical authority. The organization from top to bottom in the information flow from the organization, Functions of leadership, decision-makers, she or he is a very important decision. Leadership is also provided to employees through the job description to use a certain amount of power and decision-making and goal orientation. Are controlled by management, employees, to perform his duties to pursue a given target incentive and punishment is based on the ability to receive White measured significant higher than black managers on uncertainty avoidance. This means that white managers show a higher intolerance for uncertainty than black managers. It is important to note that, although white measured higher on uncertainty avoidance than black, both groups scored above average on this dimension. (468-469) Afro-centric Approach With more black community entering business this management approach may become increasingly visible in organizations. The individual is a part of everything and has to find its place in society. People need a sense of belonging somewhere, and the administration need to feel affordable. The attitude of the company is quite informal with a free flow of information. The leader is a facilitator and guide for the group. Employees receive motivation in the group, and the group could improve group performance through peoples pressure. The Black South African management group reflects high levels f collectivism and humane orientation, above average leavels of performance orientation, uncertainty avoidance and power distance, below average levels of assertiveness and future orientation and low level of Gender Egalitarianism. This profile is to a large extent opposed to the western or European management systems and comparable to the afrocentric management system, which emphasizes collective solidarity, inclusivity, collaboration, consensus and group significance, concern for people as well as working for the common good, structure through rituals and ceremonies, patricrchy, respect and dignity. (470) Synergistic Inspirational Approach This third approach is in South Africa, and trying to combine African values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹with Western technology and management practices based on the principle of the rainbow nation. Practical approach of humanism is seeking unity in diversity. A leader must create an atmosphere of trust and respect in different values, and to create common values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹and support of learning also is very important.   The company has a strong base of values; you must have a strong vision and proper management. Literally, this approach takes the best of all cultures, saying that attempts to strengthen the bond to meet future growth. It is clear that which leadership is the most effective, but it depends a lot of leaders and managers of organizations, and how quickly the change happened in South Africa. If people recognize the importance of diversity and start seeing the benefits, culture could be adapted. As Madi (1995) argues, Change is taking place in the new South Africa, even corporate culture has started to realize that we are all in Africa, and that the average South African is 15 years old and Black and they, with their sense of values, perceptions, and frames of reference, will be the workforce of tomorrow (470) à ¦Ã…“-à ¨Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ » à ¦Ã‹Å" ¾Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ºÃƒ ¥Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ºÃ¢â‚¬ Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ­-à §Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‚ ¼Ãƒ ©Ã… ¸Ã‚ ³ à ¥Ã‚ ­-à ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¸ à ¦Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¥Ãƒ §Ã…“†¹Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ­-à ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ §Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ®Ã‚ ¹ How are leaders developed in these countries? After so many years of research and debate, a culture-based conceptual model of South African leadership has been established. Based on careful consideration, two perspectives on the connection between South African culture and leadership behavior do not conflict with each other that obviously. Corresponding to the complex theory of leadership, people need to admit the fact that there are some necessary components of South African culture that promotes unique and positive leadership behaviors. However, some other components inside the South African culture would play negative roles which might drag effective leadership and management practices back. Therefore, constricted entrepreneurship and economic growth would be affected unexpectedly. It is quite important to understand this complicated situation, in order to confront with the fact that success of any leadership development initiative on the continent and future research should seek to provide us with that knowledge. And the obs ervation underlining conceptualization of leadership proposed in this essay might be useful as a conceptual model, focusing on the importance of three dimensions of leadership. Provide any other leadership insights about leading in this country cluster Employees stay loyally to a certain employers with reasons. The simplest one would be the fact that employers would be their major sources of money, security and opportunities for career development. Some leaders might be not made of but they were instead born with great leaderships. And there might be some major differences between political leaders and leaders in other fields, because those leaders in political world choose to stay there for life. Expatriate Assignment preparation: What key factors need to be considered when training expatriate managers for assignment in your country cluster? Model the way will be the first step to undertake an effective leadership. It doesnt immediately make any difference for just getting a title or a promotion. Instead, what helps the leaders win respects from their followers and gain honors from the companies they serve. Hence, it is quite important for them to perform as a role for their employees to follow. Only by achieving this can a leadership be successfully realized. Second, they have to lock our common target which is making profits by increasing revenue and controlling cost and it was the next move to make everybody in the team to believe that this is the inspired vision, which could bring them an exciting, highly attractive future for our career. INSPIRING A SHARED VISION is the second trick to make team extraordinary. While luck or being in the right place at the right time may play a role in the specific situations, it is believed that challenging the process is a wiser choice. Since they are developing an innovative solution based on a creative product, coming with a cutting-edge service, leading the team to make revolutionary turnaround of current embarrassment is significantly crucial. Now, they are aware of the locked target, inspired a common vision for their future and they are also ready to challenge the process, it is the right time to enable others to act. The leaders need to foster collaboration and build trust, because they understand that grand dreams do not become significant reality through the actions of a single leader, leadership is a team effort. The employees need motivation all the time to remain aggressive during the pursuit of achievement as a team member. What the leaders inside a team can do is to offer encouragement of the heart to stimulate the followers to move on. Especially in contemporary business world, accomplishing one single task requires a lot of efforts and many other factors to contribute. That has become the responsibility for the leaders to keep encouraging their followers to never fall behind.

Evaluating Published Research Problems

Individual Assignment: Evaluating Published Research Problems Locate two research studies in your discipline or your field of study—one study must use a qualitative method and one study must use a quantitative method. Each study must have been published in a peer-reviewed journal. Perform the following with each study: Review of Contemporary Curriculum Research Qualitative Research Study Identify the research problem.Smith’s (2007) research study on â€Å"Support Services for Students with Asperger’s Syndrome in Higher Education† problem focus is on type of services or accommodations that are being provided for students who have been diagnosed with Asperger’s Syndrome (AS) and if these services are addressing the needs of the students. The study was conducted to inform Disability Support offices of what services are necessary for the population of AS higher education students to support them in their educational journey in higher education.Summarize the basis for the problem. Smith (2007) states that there has been an increase in diagnosis of AS. The Americans with (Powell, Higgins, & Aram, 2009)Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) provides that individuals with AS cannot be discriminated against in obtaining higher education and that services and accomodations need to be offered to those students diagnoses with AS to have assistance in achieving their education both inside and outside the classroom.Smith (2007) further states that AS was only recognized about 20 years ago and in that short period of time there has not been any significant studies done concerning the impact of student achievement in the post secondary educational field. Evaluate the clarity and completeness of how the problem was described. Smith (2007) addresses the problem by explaining in detail the behaviors displayed by students who have been diagnoses with AS.Smith further explains how the behaviors of AS students affect their ability to be successful in a nor mal educational environment if the educators are not trained on providing accommodations that would assist with their learning process. Smith (2007) also addresses the issue of a growing number of AS students entering higher education and the need for the Office of Access and Learning Accommodations (OALA) to provide services that will address the needs of all types of disabilities. Smith is specific and direct regarding the services that would be specifically needed by AS students.Explain how the problem was addressed through designing and conducting a research study. Smith (2007) states the methodology used was an exploratory study evaluating and determining what type of accommodations, services and programs assistance were offered to AS post-secondary students. Surveys were emailed to staff members of the institutions Disabled Student Services offices. There was a letter sent with the survey explaining the purpose of the research and consent statements for the individuals acknowl edging the information was being used as a study.Smith gathered qualitative data regarding programs, support groups and counseling that was currently being provided to AS students. The surveys also gathered data regarding the types of accommodations provided to students to assess if the services provided were addressing the specific needs of AS students Smith (2007) concluded from the research that although accommodations were being provided for AS students, the accommodations provided were not taking into consideration some of the individual students needs. Quantitative Research ProblemIdentify the research problem. Powell, Higgins and Aram’s (2009) research study, â€Å"Impact of No Child Left Behind on Curriculum and Instuction in Rural Schools† examines the decisions made by rural principals and teachers regarding curriculum and instruction and the impact No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) had. Powell, Higgins and Aram focus was if there was significate impact on the instructional time, non-instructional time and if student motivation expereinced any negative effect resulting from the demands of NCLB. Summarize the basis for the problem.Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) reported that twenty-five percent of the schools in the U. S. are rural schools. The retention of qualified teachers and students achieving the Average Yearly Progress (AYP) set by NCLB had a greater impact due to the lower percentages within the schools, than compared to the schools in larger cities and suburbs. Powell, Higgins and Aram further state that the rural schools in Missouri they used for their study, had an increase of minority students over a ten year period of over 120% compared to the average increase nationwide of only 54%.Powell, Higgins and Aram wanted to exam the overall impact of NCLB on the two rural schools in two completely different areas of the U. S. and exam the correlation between the NCLB and how curriculum and instruction were influenced. Evaluate the c larity and completeness of how the problem was described. Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) study of the influence NCLB had on the decision making process of the principals regarding curriculum and instruction in rural schools described the problems associated with the AYP expectations set by NCLB.The study surveyed the teachers and principals on specific areas of the curriculum and if there was an increase in the test scores of the students on both math and reading scores. Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) further stated that NCLB created additional problems such as teachers leaving the teaching profession and others not entering the teaching profession due to the change in climate within the teaching environment. Explain how the problem was addressed through designing and conducting a research study.Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) research consisted of a survey that was sent to 571 principals in Missouri, of which 101 responded. They also gathered data from 76 certified teachers in Ma ine. 14 of 16 rural counties in Maine were represented in the research. About 76% of the principals surveyed were from Free and Reduced Lunch (FRL) and Title 1 schools, supporting the sampling of high minority student demographics. Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) further surveyed the principals on how NCLB impacted their decision making process regarding curriculum and instruction both before and after NCLB. Evaluating Published Research Problems ?Individual Assignment: Evaluating Published Research Problems Locate two research studies in your discipline or your field of study—one study must use a qualitative method and one study must use a quantitative method. Each study must have been published in a peer-reviewed journal. Perform the following with each study: Review of Contemporary Curriculum Research Qualitative Research Study Identify the research problem.Smith’s (2007) research study on â€Å"Support Services for Students with Asperger’s Syndrome in Higher Education† problem focus is on type of services or accommodations that are being provided for students who have been diagnosed with Asperger’s Syndrome (AS) and if these services are addressing the needs of the students. The study was conducted to inform Disability Support offices of what services are necessary for the population of AS higher education students to support them in their educational journey in higher education.Summariz e the basis for the problem. Smith (2007) states that there has been an increase in diagnosis of AS. The Americans with (Powell, Higgins, & Aram, 2009)Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) provides that individuals with AS cannot be discriminated against in obtaining higher education and that services and accomodations need to be offered to those students diagnoses with AS to have assistance in achieving their education both inside and outside the classroom.Smith (2007) further states that AS was only recognized about 20 years ago and in that short period of time there has not been any significant studies done concerning the impact of student achievement in the post secondary educational field. Evaluate the clarity and completeness of how the problem was described. Smith (2007) addresses the problem by explaining in detail the behaviors displayed by students who have been diagnoses with AS.Smith further explains how the behaviors of AS students affect their ability to be successful in a no rmal educational environment if the educators are not trained on providing accommodations that would assist with their learning process. Smith (2007) also addresses the issue of a growing number of AS students entering higher education and the need for the Office of Access and Learning Accommodations (OALA) to provide services that will address the needs of all types of disabilities. Smith is specific and direct regarding the services that would be specifically needed by AS students.Explain how the problem was addressed through designing and conducting a research study. Smith (2007) states the methodology used was an exploratory study evaluating and determining what type of accommodations, services and programs assistance were offered to AS post-secondary students. Surveys were emailed to staff members of the institutions Disabled Student Services offices. There was a letter sent with the survey explaining the purpose of the research and consent statements for the individuals acknow ledging the information was being used as a study.Smith gathered qualitative data regarding programs, support groups and counseling that was currently being provided to AS students. The surveys also gathered data regarding the types of accommodations provided to students to assess if the services provided were addressing the specific needs of AS students Smith (2007) concluded from the research that although accommodations were being provided for AS students, the accommodations provided were not taking into consideration some of the individual students needs. Quantitative Research ProblemIdentify the research problem. Powell, Higgins and Aram’s (2009) research study, â€Å"Impact of No Child Left Behind on Curriculum and Instuction in Rural Schools† examines the decisions made by rural principals and teachers regarding curriculum and instruction and the impact No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) had. Powell, Higgins and Aram focus was if there was significate impact on the instructional time, non-instructional time and if student motivation expereinced any negative effect resulting from the demands of NCLB. Summarize the basis for the problem.Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) reported that twenty-five percent of the schools in the U. S. are rural schools. The retention of qualified teachers and students achieving the Average Yearly Progress (AYP) set by NCLB had a greater impact due to the lower percentages within the schools, than compared to the schools in larger cities and suburbs. Powell, Higgins and Aram further state that the rural schools in Missouri they used for their study, had an increase of minority students over a ten year period of over 120% compared to the average increase nationwide of only 54%.Powell, Higgins and Aram wanted to exam the overall impact of NCLB on the two rural schools in two completely different areas of the U. S. and exam the correlation between the NCLB and how curriculum and instruction were influenced. Evaluate the clarity and completeness of how the problem was described. Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) study of the influence NCLB had on the decision making process of the principals regarding curriculum and instruction in rural schools described the problems associated with the AYP expectations set by NCLB.The study surveyed the teachers and principals on specific areas of the curriculum and if there was an increase in the test scores of the students on both math and reading scores. Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) further stated that NCLB created additional problems such as teachers leaving the teaching profession and others not entering the teaching profession due to the change in climate within the teaching environment. Explain how the problem was addressed through designing and conducting a research study.Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) research consisted of a survey that was sent to 571 principals in Missouri, of which 101 responded. They also gathered data from 76 certified teachers in M aine. 14 of 16 rural counties in Maine were represented in the research. About 76% of the principals surveyed were from Free and Reduced Lunch (FRL) and Title 1 schools, supporting the sampling of high minority student demographics. Powell, Higgins and Aram (2009) further surveyed the principals on how NCLB impacted their decision making process regarding curriculum and instruction both before and after NCLB.

The Key to Successful Social Change Essay Topics

The Key to Successful Social Change Essay Topics Here's What I Know About Social Change Essay Topics The web has made our life a good deal easier. After all, zero folks are eager to pay more for something that's the same. They say that certain changes in the society need to be made in order for the country to move forward. If you've got a chance to interview those who are more experienced in the subject of your essay than you, you ought to take your opportunity to speak to them about it. The Basics of Social Change Essay Topics Other people think that such competition seriously limits the standard of genuine learning. Your essay might incorporate the explanations for teen pregnancy and talk about the present rates of teen pregnancy and potential solutions. It is recommended to look for the one which has a very good reputation and offers high-quality papers at very affordable rates. There are a lot of tactics to find the info needed for your essay. Application essays about c hallenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to folks who are quite interested in how you are going to handle the subsequent four years all on your own. Genetic engineering is ongoing and is quite controversial. If as you are preparing a report you merely analyze specific literature, the essay demands a superb penetration into the issue. After all, the GRE Issue isn't a test of knowledge as much since it is a test of how it is possible to use knowledge however restricted to back your position. Getting the Best Social Change Essay Topics There are lots of social changes that have happened in years past and societal changes will continue to occur. The best methods to accept the society and ensure it is accept you. Other people point to media and societal pressures. A good example of an immediate action is a strike. The Most Popular Social Change Essay Topics Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't challenging to discover. There's n o ideal solution about how to compose an effective essay. Illustration essays are written in order to spell out study subjects and supply interesting and picturesque descriptions. Order top-notch essay at this time and certified specialists will do their very best to supply you with higher quality at fair price. Without the invention of the automobile, cultures wouldn't have developed and expanded at close to the rate they did. The information regarding the products often vary as a result of misinterpretation of salesmen. There are scores and scores of various channels on the internet that dwell upon particular topics which may be joined to the creation of your essay. Examining each side of the issue can aid your readers form their own opinions. Taking into account that lots of persuasive essays concern controversial topics, before writing, you can want to sit down and think of what your opinion on the topic actually is. The simplest way to find out the kind of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. A History of Social Change Essay Topics Refuted When you are finished, proofread your essay and refine it, if necessary. The essay provides you with an opportunity to revea l how effectively you're able to read and comprehend a passage and compose an essay analyzing the passage. 1 important thing which you should do when writing your essay is to help it become personal. You've got to compose an informative essay. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. The example essay is among the absolute most basic essays in academic writing, but may be exceedingly difficult if you've never written one or don't know what things to write about. Now, you're not only going to learn the fundamentals of an exemplification essay but in addition the best way to develop a wonderful essay by yourself. Writing a superb persuasive essay is not a simple job, however, it's achievable. Interview essays are written dependent on an interview, performed by the author. In the event the interview went well, it is going to be simple to compose an interview essay. Ideas, Formulas and Shortcuts for Social Change Essay Topics Essay writing is often practiced is schools. The college essay is among the main characteristics of your college application. Students have to compose essays based on the teacher's instructions or their preferred style in writing. The ways they should be taught about their health. A Secret Weapon for Social Change Essay Topics If you're stuck on how best to compose an example essay, you can stick to a few easy actions to dig yourself out of the rut and compose an example essay that you are able to be pleased with. Fill in the purchase form and you'll get your special interview essay in no moment! You will discover that several of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any sort of writing assignment. Selecting an apt thesis topic is the very first step to success, that's why it's important to take it seriously.

Essay on An Analysis of “A Time For Choosing” - 2096 Words

Darian Ms. White English 101.42 2 October 2013 An Analysis of â€Å"A Time For Choosing† Millions of viewers tuned into the National Broadcasting Company television network for a special broadcast on the 27th of October. Viewers were anticipating Ronald Reagan’s â€Å"A Time for Choosing† speech. Reagan was acknowledged for his acting in motion pictures and television episodes since 1937, and was now being seen in an unfamiliar role. Reagan emerged in support of the Republican nominee Barry Goldwater. Barry Morris Goldwater was a businessman and five-term United States Senator from Arizona and the Republican Partys nominee for president in the 1964 election. â€Å"A Time for Choosing† utilizes a plethora of rhetoric: style, delivery, pathos,†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"You and I have a rendezvous with destiny† is perhaps the most famous line from the speech. People are inspired by the speech because Reagan gives the American people hope for their future and their children’s future . His use of repetition conveys to us that we â€Å"have the ability and the dignity and the right to make our own decisions and determine our own destiny†. Repetition is a powerful rhetorical technique that Reagan exercises to emphasize unity among the American people. Reagan kept his audience eager for more. He would expose an issue or problem and then create a solution. Exposing faults within the existing government Reagan is able to crack part of the â€Å"once believed† solid foundation of the U.S. government. He also exposes how the seediness and greediness of the government is leaking into the minds of other fellow Americans. He states situations where individuals are taking desperate measures such as divorce, in order to earn a higher salary so they can provide for their families. Reagan tells us that there are ways around this and that these issues are not individual but collective. Reagan uses pathos when he mentions the recent escalation in Vietnam. He said, â€Å"As for the peace that we would preserve, I wonder who among us would like to approach the wife or mother whose husband or son has died in South Vietnam and ask them if they think this is a peace that shouldShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of A Time For Choosing By Ronald Reagan1327 Words   |  6 Pageson 1964 presidential election. However, the â€Å"A Time for Choosing† speech established Ronald Reagan as the future of the conservative movement, and outlined his view of what America should be. â€Å"A Time for Choosing† fastened Reagan’s conservatism in the minds of both Republicans and Americans. This speech propelled Reagan to win the California governor’s race in 1967 and a sweeping victory in the 1980 presidential election. The â€Å"A Time for Choosing† speech declared Reagan’s ideas and solutions forRead MoreIncremental Analysis1245 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Incremental Analysis? By Emily James-Blanchard AC 330-04 What is Incremental Analysis? Basically, it’s a managerial decision making process. Decisions are a huge part of being a manager. Decision making does not always involve lots of people and a set schedule, but decisions vary in their complexities and some involve a little research to see if they will work out. There are four steps to incremental analysis. They are very simple: 1.Identify the problem, 2.Determine and evaluate possibleRead MoreBusiness and Management Scenario1080 Words   |  5 Pagessales or the customer base, and in most cases they set a percentage along with a period of time to meet the goal. Making these types of decisions in regard to the objectives may executives, and managers need information for the purpose of getting knowledge of the company’s operations, review and monitor key performance indicators and their affect on one another. Keeps track of how business factors change over time, compare the company’s performance relative to competit ion and to industry benchmarks.Read MoreUrban Transportation Modeling Systems ( Four Steps1695 Words   |  7 Pagesstep, mode choice. Mode choice analysis allows a modeller to take the number of trips from the origin destination tables and determine the mode used. These modes can include, but are not limited to: automobile, bus, train, air, bicycling, or walking. Mode choice analysis plays a very important part of the urban transportation modeling system. With accurate data, a good modeller can predict the type and amount of traffic flow in and out of various Traffic Analysis Zones. This allows cities and provincesRead MoreHrm 430 Midterm1411 Words   |  6 Pages  2. | Question : | (TCOs 1, 5) Tuition reimbursement is considered which of the following? | |    | Student Answer: | | a legally-required benefit |    | | | a protection program |    | | | a discretionary benefit |    | | | pay for time-not-worked |    | Instructor Explanation: | Textbook pg. 11 | | |    | Points Received: | 5 of 5 |    | Comments: | | | |   3. | Question : | (TCOs 1, 5) Which of the following does NOT lead to experienced meaningfulness of workRead MoreSysco Case1711 Words   |  7 Pages | |Key Idea/Theme 2: |IT Resources |Information Quality | |Key Idea/Theme 3: |IT Process |Choosing the best approach: purchasing the software| |Key Idea/Theme 4: |Enterprise Information |Business Intelligence | Step 3: Visualize linkages between issues (Relate issues/ideas) Read MoreThe Scope Of Coronary Artery Disease Detected By Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography1396 Words   |  6 PagesFramework Research Priority 3: Measure the Impact of Overuse Framework Research Priority 4: Understand the Impact of Choosing Wisely and other initiatives on clinical practice and patient outcomes Lee et al. (2016) [18] Academic Radiology Commentary N/A Highlighted the methodological limitations of overdiagnosis research (i.e., counterfactual incidence, insufficient follow-up time, and trial design limitations). Modeling could better predict outcomes to inform recommendations and policies. X SchmidtRead MoreCase Study on Nike1252 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study Nike Introduction Good morning ladies and gentlemen and thank for taking the time to meet with us. Nike was founded on January 25, 1964 as Blue Ribbon Sports by Bill Bowerman and Philip Knight. The company officially became Nike, Inc. on May 30, 1978. Nike has various products which include footwear as well as other apparel that compliment the former. This accounts for 92 percent of the company’s revenue. The other 8 percent comes from equipment and non Nike brand products, such as ColeRead MoreDesign of a Railway Coach Solar Heater and Pump System Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesPUMP SYSTEM â€Æ' Contents Chapter 2 1 Literature Review 1 1. Introduction 1 2. History of Solar Water Heating 1 3. Technical Analysis 2 4. Pump selection 5 Bibliography 6 â€Æ' Chapter 2 Literature Review 1. Introduction This chapter includes history of Solar Water Heating and the technical analysis of the latest technology in Solar Water Heating systems. The analysis of the latest technology involves all aspects of Alternative Solar Water Heating systems design. Low cost alternative water heatingRead MoreWal-Mart Legal Compliance and Job Analysis1569 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: WAL-MART Legal Compliance and Job Analysis Paper Wal-Mart Legal Compliance and Job Analysis BUS530- Human Resource Management [ July 17, 2011 ] The Title VII lawsuit by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was a justified result of sexual harassment and mismanagement by Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart could have taken several steps within Human Resource (HR) policy to help deal with this incident, prevent further incidents, and ensure the defendant was properly employed

Eve Teasing a Problem of Modern Society - 3103 Words

Eve Teasing A problem of modern society Eve teasing Eve teasing is a euphemism used in India , Bangladesh and Nepal for public sexual harassment, street harassment or molestation of women by men, with Eve being a reference to the biblical Eve. Considered a problem related to delinquency in youth it is a form of sexual aggression that ranges in severity from sexually suggestive remarks, brushing in public places, catcalls, to outright groping. Sometimes it is referred to with a coy suggestion of innocent fun, making it appear innocuous with no resulting liability on the part of the perpetrator. Many feminists and voluntary organizations have suggested that the expression be replaced by a more appropriate term. According to them,†¦show more content†¦Depiction in popular culture Traditionally, Indian cinema has depicted eve teasing as a part of flirtatious beginnings of a courtship, along with the usual accompaniment of song and dance routines, which invariably results in the heroine submitting to the heros advances towards the end of the song, and young men tend to emulate the example, depicted so flawlessly on screen and which gave rise to the Roadside Romeo which even made it a film version in Roadside Romeo (2007)(Staring Saif Ali Khan).[11] It also has been popularly depicted that when a girl is teased by eve teasers, the hero will come beat them up, such as in the Telugu films Madhumasam and Magadheera and also the Hindi Movie Wanted. Now-a-days this issue is also shown in Indian Television Soaps. Following the suicides of a young woman in Bangladesh in January and an Indian college student near Chennai in February, it seems these two countries might want to start rethinking their lax policies towards eve-teasing. Both students deaths have been linked to shame caused by eve-teasing; the women, harassed and humiliated by men, apparently felt they had no recourse but to kill themselves. The term eve-teasing refers to the sexual harassment of women in a bizarrely innocuous way -- the women are eves, the original temptresses leading men to sin, and therefore men tease them. Never mind that teasing often refers to the blatant groping of women in public, stalking women,Show MoreRelatedGender Inequalities: Yesterday and Today Essay1674 Words   |  7 Pagesourselves civilized, modern, liberal. We claim to believe in equality of the sexes, and non-existence of gender-discrimination. Yet, we are still steeped in the thought processes of primitive days. Ironical! Gender bias goes back a long way. It is a legacy that has been passed down from one generation of males to the next. It is not possible, without any kind of controversy or contradictions, to single out its root cause or origin. It might go back to the days of Adam and Eve, when Eve was repeatedlyRead MoreWomen Are Not Born But Made1415 Words   |  6 Pageswomen are participating in nationalist movements were being pushed into the domestic household works. There have been innumerable debates about gender in (Banerjee 2012) Punjab over last 60 years. Most of them were about women’s positions in society, their education, health, economic status, gender equality. What we can conclude from these discussions is that how women have always held a certain contradictory position in our developing country in past years. In recent years women held a veryRead MoreThe Negative Impacts Of Satellite Television On The Society1740 Words   |  7 PagesHollywood movies. They choose Indian sports channel while following sports. This has huge impact in people’s behavior, attitude and choices. Satellite TV channels has both positive and negative impacts on the society. Positive Impacts of the Satellite Television: Satellite television channels have many positive impacts on the audiences. It is helping people in broadening their outlook and destroying stereotypes beliefs. It is also increasing communication and access to diverse ideas. For instancesRead MoreDrug Abuse2895 Words   |  12 PagesUN report, One million heroin addicts are registered in India, and unofficially there are as many as five million. What started off as casual use among a minuscule population of high-income group youth in the metro has permeated to all sections of society. Inhalation of heroin alone has given way to intravenous drug use, that too in combination with other sedatives and painkillers. This has increased the intensity of the effect, hastened the process of addiction and complicated the process of recoveryRead MorePeace As A Concept Of The Fundamental Problems Faced By The World Today Essay2240 Words   |  9 Pages ‘Peace’ as a concept is seen through the lens of the fundamental problems faced by the world today: war, armed conflict and political violence.  By insinuation, peace itself is understood predominantly as a negative concept, or as the absence of these phenomena (Atack, 2009). Martin Luther King said that ‘True peace is not merely the absence of some negative force - tension, confusion or war; it is the presence of some positive force - justice, good will and brotherhood’ (King, 1957). IndeedRead MoreWomen Development Policy 20116460 Words   |  26 Pagespercent and health ministry has allotted only 32.33 percent money of their total expenditure. So such discrimination is not acceptable. 7.4. Increase rate of women oppression The trend of women oppression has changed in the recent time. Besides eve teasing women are oppressed regularly through mobile and internet. A research shows that about 39.7 percent of urban women and about 41.7 percent of rural women are oppressed differently in our country. A chart is shows in these regard below: Type ofRead MoreCrime Against Women and Challenges to Overcome Them5619 Words   |  23 PagesStudy of the history of human society reveals that in no society of the world have women enjoyed absolute equality on par with men. Everywhere they were subjected to inequality, discrimination and exploitation. The Constitution of India provides equal rights and opportunities to women. It does not make any discrimination on the ground of sex. This does not mean that our women are completely free from problems. On contrary, the changing situation is causing them problems. They are now beset with newRead MoreChristina rosetti selected poems annotations Essay4700 Words   |  19 Pagesanimalistic within the poem, moreover it also shows how society was dominantly patriarchal – which is clearly seen as the goblins in numbers alone dominate the sisters. Sisterhood It is a central theme within the narrative. The sisters portrayal within the narrative stresses unity, which was not the case between fallen women and women in society, instead of being united, the women were crushed by the brute force of the patriarchal society. The sisters are balanced in their looks, both are describedRead MoreSocio-Economic Issues in India5247 Words   |  21 Pagesviolence 5 See also 6 References [edit] Overpopulation Further information: Family planning in India and Demographics of India India suffers from the problem of overpopulation.[1][2][3] Though India ranks second in population, it ranks 33 in terms of population density below countries such as The Netherlands, South Korea and Japan. To cure this problem, Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India, had implemented a forced sterilization programme in the early 1970s but failed. Officially, men with two childrenRead MoreSOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF MOBILE PHONE IN BANGLADESH: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY11162 Words   |  45 Pagesso years, we have seen a very drastic changes in the telecommunication sector. Mobile phone technology is now bringing a vast change in society and transforming the economy through its various benefits and some detriments. Mobile phones in developing countries like Bangladesh are generally seen as an instrument to develop economy and society to provide socio economic benefits and multiplier effects. The seminar paper titled ‘Socio Economic Impacts of Mobile Phone in Bangladesh: an Exploratory

Monsters Lesson 02 Literary Background for Beowulf Free Essays

Monsters Lesson 02 Literary Background for Beowulf The Dark ages was an era that consisted of change and warfare in England. The Celts were the first culture to inhabit England. Celts filled the land with the language of Ceitic and the religion of Paganism. We will write a custom essay sample on Monsters Lesson 02 Literary Background for Beowulf or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 55 B. C the Romans decide to invaded the land under Julius Caesar lead and succeed. With the Romans in charge the change began by bring Latin to the region and introducing Christianity. Romans also brought civilization and new law by building new structures which were similar to theres in Rome. These Structures consisted of water which they learned how to drain, use for public sanitation, and clean drinking water. Barbarians (foreigners) were jealous of the Roman’s system and try to take over, so the Emperor decide to build a great wall around the land and the wall worked for around 200 years. The Roman Empire was divided into two half’s, western and eastern with two different Emperor’s. With the fall of Rome in 410 A. D Britannia was easy to take over without British soldiers to fight. Four Germanic tribes took over Britannia, with Anglo in the Northeast, Saxon in the South, Jutes in the South but separate from Saxons, and Frisians just South of Saxons. These four tribes are known as Anglo-Saxons who occupied England from 410 A. D. to 797 A. D. Durning that time seven Sovereign Kingdoms were formed. Vikings later called Normans were Scandinavian explorers, traders, and warriors. The Scandinavian’s spoke dilates of German. Vikings invaded large parts of England in 797 A. D. and ruled until 1066 A. D. The literature durning the dark ages main themes were about heroism and chivalry. Kings were also highly looked upon and they took care of their warriors. Also highly written about durning this time was the bond between the king’s men which was the center of their political society. How to cite Monsters Lesson 02 Literary Background for Beowulf, Essay examples

First impressions free essay sample

Have you ever met someone and instantly though â€Å"I don’t like this person. †? This is called a first impression. A first impression can be very difficult to change, however it can happen. First impressions are very important and it may take a long time to alter your outlook on something new, but with enough time and effort this opinion could transform into a new one. Change is a part of life so one little opinion is bound to change at some point A first impression is the split-second decision you make about how you feel when you first met someone new. This choice can decide whether someone is your best friend or if you dislike them. A well know change of opinion is in the movie â€Å"The Pursuit of Happiness† and the people who view the film. In one scene you see the movies main character Chris after going to jail for not paying a parking ticket. We will write a custom essay sample on First impressions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Looking at him dirty and wearing clothes covered in paint, the common thought is he is poor and in no condition to take care of his children. As the movie goes on you see that even in his struggles he is still a responsible and caring father. Your first instinct of someone may sometimes be correct and it will always be significant, but with time you might find your original judgment is no longer accurate. People change and with them so should your thoughts about them. The first time you meet someone they might be in a bad mood, maybe they have had a difficult day or they lost something. You shouldn’t judge a book by its cover so you shouldn’t form an opinion after only just meeting someone. If you have ever had a friend who is big and looks threatening but is actually really nice, then you know you had to talk to them on multiple occasions to see who they really are. You can also have first impressions about an object. You might dislike certain things at first but if you keep an open mind you may begin to appreciate them. For example, let’s say you are an eleven year old, active, fun-loving boy. You just moved in to a new house and you don’t like it at first. You think it is small and boring. In ten years your attitude for it changes. Now that you are older and focused on other things you think it is the perfect place to work quietly. What was once small and boring is now cozy and peaceful. It just depends on your view at that current time. In all first impressions are exceptionally important, and they can change. They can also be good or bad. Giving someone a second chance could change your whole life and their whole life. So unless you are applying for a job hopefully someone’s first opinion of you won’t be permanent. After all, if all friendships were based upon first impressions, there would a lot less friend ships.